Lipid class

Diacylglycerol

Description
placeholder: Diacylglycerols (DAGs) are a class of lipids that play a crucial role in cellular signaling pathways. Structurally, DAGs consist of a glycerol backbone esterified with two fatty acid chains, typically of varying lengths and saturation levels. This amphipathic molecule is capable of interacting with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments, allowing it to participate in diverse cellular processes. Functionally, DAGs serve as secondary messengers, generated through the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by phospholipase C (PLC) in response to extracellular stimuli. DAGs then activate protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, which phosphorylate and regulate various downstream targets, influencing cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression. Additionally, DAGs can also bind to and modulate the activity of other proteins, including guanine nucleotide exchange factors and ion channels, further expanding their signaling repertoire.
Example 2D structure
An example of the Diacylglycerol (30:1) species (C33H62O5).
Image of the 2D molecular structure of an example member of the Diacylglycerol lipid class. Image of the 2D molecular structure of an example member of the Diacylglycerol lipid class.
Diacylglycerol class lipid.
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Diacylglycerol lipid species
Sorted by: molecular weight
Molecular formula Lipid species Molecular weight (g/mol) "Isoform specificity"
CD1a CD1b CD1c CD1d
C33H62O5 Diacylglycerol (30:1) 556.49
C35H66O5 Diacylglycerol (32:1) 584.52
C36H68O5 Diacylglycerol (32:0) 586.54
C37H70O5 Diacylglycerol (34:1) 612.56
C39H68O5 Diacylglycerol (36:4) 634.54
C39H72O5 Diacylglycerol (36:2) 638.57
C39H74O5 Diacylglycerol (36:1) 640.59
C41H70O5 Diacylglycerol (38:5) 660.56
C41H74O5 Diacylglycerol (38:3) 664.59
C43H74O5 Diacylglycerol (40:5) 688.59
C45H70O5 Diacylglycerol (42:9) 708.56
placeholder: Only lipid species which could be unambigously determined experimentally are shown.

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